The Vietnamese language belongs to the Austroasiatic language group. It’s the official language of Vietnam and is spoken by the majority of inhabitants there. About 4 million people in countries like the U.S., Canada, Australia, France, Germany, and Poland also speak the language.
The history of the Vietnamese language is not clearly understood even today. It most likely evolved on the basis of a dialect that was spoken along the Red River.
Instant quoteThe second official language in Vietnam was French as a result of the arrival of French colonists. This resulted in Vietnamese adopting numerous loanwords from French. Also, the French colonial administration officially introduced the Latin script in Vietnam.
Vietnamese has three widespread main dialects: the North Vietnamese dialect called Tonkinese, the Central Vietnamese dialect called Hue, and the South Vietnamese dialect called Saigon. The spelling of the Vietnamese language is largely based on Tonkinese, and most songs are sung in this dialect as well.
Instant quoteVietnamese is a tonal language, which is largely due to the fact that a high percentage of the vocabulary is of Chinese origin. The height and curve of a syllable’s tone influences the meaning of the word. In written Vietnamese, these tones are expressed by diacritical marks.
Because Vietnamese is an isolated language, its words are not inflected. The meaning of a word depends on its position in a sentence, as well as its relationship to the other components of the sentence. Vietnamese sentence structure maintains the sequence of subject, predicate, and object.
Vietnamese writing was traditionally recorded in three writing systems. The first used Chinese characters, which were later modified and adapted to the characteristics of spoken Vietnamese. Then came the Latin script, which used diacritical marks. Standardized Vietnamese script, consisting of Latin letters and various diacritical marks, is common in the country today. Missionaries from Europe played a significant role in the development and adoption of these Latin letters.
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